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F = ma (First 10)
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FMA-2026-09 · 2026 F = ma (AAPT)

2026 F = ma Exam — Question 9

A vertical cylindrical pipe with a sealed bottom contains no air and is tall enough that its top is open to outer space (no atmosphere). A heavy plate is mounted at the bottom of the cylinder and vibrates vertically. A small ball inside the pipe undergoes elastic collisions with the plate. The plate vibrates in such a way that, during each collision, it is moving upward with a constant speed v equal to , where v is the orbital speed at zero altitude above the Earth. The plate moves downward 1000 sufficiently fast that the ball collides with the plate only while the plate is moving upward. The ball is initially dropped from rest from a height equal to the Earth’s radius above the plate. After how many collisions with the plate will the ball escape the Earth’s gravitational field?
Source: Question 9, 2026 F = ma Exam, © 2026 American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT) and the U.S. Physics Team. Adapted by PhysicsTrainer: reformatted into a separate question and answer choices for online multiple-choice practice; any shared setup from nearby questions is repeated here. Not affiliated with or endorsed by AAPT or the U.S. Physics Team.